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The biggest lesson that can be learned from Hurricane Katrina is to keep politicians out of the recovery operations. Politicians from both parties let down the victims of Hurricane Katrina. It was clear during that disaster that the only command and leadership on the scene was Lt. General Russell Honore. He was the federal government's military representative in the crisis. He's responsibility was to coordinate the efforts of unarmed federal troops in the cleanup of New Orleans with the civilian authorities. He had no authority to direct the actions of civilian police officers or members of the National Guard. But his leadership abilities earned him the respect of both the civilian and National Guard troops who obeyed his suggestions; he had no command authority over them.
In the United States disaster response effort and coordination is primarily done on the local, county, and state level. The federal government can provide aid and material, but the coordination and management of the effort is the state governor's responsibility. The Hurricane Katrina disaster shows that the local, county, state and federal (FEMA) authorities are lacking in leadership abilities because of political interests.
Army General Recalls Katrina Aftermath http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/07/AR2006090700163.html
Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_government_response_to_Hurricane_Katrina
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